Overdose of dipyrone: consequences, symptoms

Dipyrone or Metamizole sodium is used as antipanicescoe and analgesic. It is produced in the form of a single-agent preparation or under various trade names, as well as in the composition of complex tools. And the consumer, who has no medical or pharmaceutical education, often does not know this and may increase the daily dose of metamizol sodium, which will develop the overdose of analgin, which will cause death.

Causes poisoning metamizol sodium

Poisoning analgin may be the case:

  • if you drink a lot of dipyrone by accident or deliberate, for example, the tablet can find and eat a child, mentally ill people, you can confuse a drug or a dosage, take several full or partial analogues of metamizol sodium at the same time or deliberately to take the drug with suicidal intent or its staging;
  • excessive consumption of analgesic for relief of chronic pain, aspirin poisoning can occur when taking it in high doses more than weeks;
  • taking the drug severe pathology of the liver and kidneys, so that the active substance is destroyed when passing the liver barrier and is excreted in the urine, in diseases of these organs they can not cope with its function and as a result the number of metamizol sodium in the blood rises;
  • the simultaneous reception of some drugs, the toxicity of dipyrone increases in the case of a joint reception with other non-narcotic analgesics, sedatives and tranquilizers, tricyclic antidepressants, hormonal oral contraceptives, allopurinol, Radiocontrast means, plasma expanders fluids and antibiotics penicillin.

Lethal dose of dipyrone

Analgin adopted in therapeutic dose, can cause death of the patient. Death may occur as a result of an allergic reaction (especially when the drug is administered intravenously), the development of impaired renal function and liver, bronchospasm.

Lethal dose of dipyrone is 5-20 g. This dosage depends on body weight, concomitant diseases of the liver and urinary system, method of administration, concurrent use of other medications and other factors.

Analgin is available in dosages of 0, 5 g, and for some 10 tablets can be lethal. It is especially dangerous to drink a pack of analgin preschool or early school age, because they have low body weight and symptoms of an overdose develop faster.

If poisoning analgin, it is possible to die from infectious complications, which occur unusually and hardly serves therapy. Rarely, the cause of death of a patient may become an acute kidney or liver failure, paralysis of the respiratory muscles. The cause of death could be internal bleeding.

The clinical picture of intoxication with dipyrone

The symptoms for acute and chronic poisoning metamizol sodium will be different. If there is an overdose of dipyrone, primarily affects the organs of hematopoiesis, liver, kidneys and sometimes the lungs. The abuse of drug in the blood decreases the level of white blood cells and platelets.

The white blood cells responsible for the immune system, as the level decreases, the bacteria begin to multiply, which causes the development of inflammation of the mucous membranes. On the mucous membranes of the oral cavity may occur stomatitis, gingivitis, periodontitis, frequent sore throats, while spreading, it on the digestive organs are developing ulceration of the mucosa of various organs of the gastrointestinal tract, from the stomach and ending in the lower intestine.

In addition, the inflammation may suffer respiratory system.

While reducing the level of platelets is observed increased bleeding in severe cases may open bleeding, including internal.

The first signs of chronic intoxication are the formation of nonhealing ulcers in the mouth. Then may suffer respiratory organs, a person has seen persistent inflammation of the mucosa of the pharynx, the bronchi and the trachea, which may be difficult therapy.

In the presence of concomitant diseases of the lungs for a long period of poisoning metamizol sodium can cause bronchospasm, which is characterized by attacks of coughing and dyspnoea, even in the absence of physical activity.

In chronic intoxication urinalysis will show proteinuria and bacteriuria. If overdose is suffering the liver, blood observed bilirubinemia. The skin and the sclera turns yellow, appears itching.

Acute overdose of aspirin can have symptoms:

  • diarrhoeal disorders (nausea, vomiting);
  • pain in the stomach;
  • the reduction in the amount of urine;
  • the decrease in body temperature and blood pressure;
  • heart palpitations;
  • dyspnoea;
  • noise in the ears;
  • hypersomnia;
  • sharp decline in the level of white blood cells and, as a consequence, the weakening of the immune system;
  • nonsense, consciousness disorder;
  • internal bleeding;
  • severe pathology of the liver and kidneys;
  • spasms;
  • paralysis of the respiratory muscles.

The rendering of first aid and methods of therapy

You need to rememberwhat specific antidote in case of overdose of dipyrone does not exist. Treatment is symptomatic. The victim should definitely call an ambulance and placed in the hospital. Before the arrival of doctors should induce vomiting. To do this, the patient is given to drink clean boiled water and tap on the root of the tongue.

You need to remember that induce vomiting can't have babies, women in the position of, senior citizens or patients in an unconscious state.

In case of vomiting in a young child, to reduce the risk of getting vomit in the respiratory tract, it must be placed on your lap face down. You should also take adsorbents, for example, smectite, Polisorb. You can give the victim a laxative or get an enema.

In any case it is not necessary to give antiemetic drugs, such as reglan. Vomiting helps to remove the drug from the body, and when the stop increases the level of active substance in the blood and, therefore, its toxicity.

Upon admission to the hospital can assign:

  • gastric lavage through the probe;
  • siphon enema;
  • forced diuresis, the essence of which is to expedite the excretion of urine from the body, consequently, the medicinal product;
  • hemodialysis;
  • when joining a bacterial infection antibiotics of the last generation or reserve drugs;
  • when the occurrence of seizures in the vein injected diazepam or barbiturates;
  • symptomatic therapy.

The consequences of poisoning metamizol sodium

An overdose of dipyrone effects can be different, depending on the duration and severity of intoxication, speed, first aid, presence of comorbidities, age of the victim.

You may notice the following effects:

  • the death from overdose of metamizol sodium;
  • the development of abnormalities in the liver and kidneys;
  • hemorrhages in the internal organs with subsequent breakdown of their functions, the severity of which depends on the severity of the damage;
  • because of irregularities in the immune system private infectious disease.

Features of overdose of metamizol sodium and first aid to children

Intoxication of the drug in children is most often observed in the incorrect calculation of dosage. Usually in Pediatrics observed acute overdose of drugs, cases of chronic poisoning are rare.

Signs of intoxication in children are the same as in adults, but the danger is that they can grow too fast. The younger the child is, the faster appear spasms, and may lose consciousness. Therefore, when you overdose you need to call an ambulance.

Before its arrival, if the child did not have time to swallow all the pills, get them out of his mouth. To drink the adsorbent. It can be activated carbon, neosmectin. A child older than 5 years, if he is conscious, induce vomiting. Kid under 5 years before the arrival of doctors to drink water by giving her small portions. You can give the child milk. It will help to reduce the rate of adsorption of the drug. To feed the child in the administration of Metamizole sodium is banned.

Not succumbing to the panic to pack for the hospital, to refuse from which it is impossible. Any pharmaceutical drug can become a poison. Knowledge of the clinical picture of intoxication will help to timely detect a threat to the health and possibly life. Time to provide help to the victim is able to prevent the development of severe consequences, and also possible to prevent the death of a patient from an overdose of any medication, including and on the basis of metamizol sodium.

To prevent poisoning in the child, to store medicines should be in an unavailable location, and even better, under lock and key. Older children explain that medicines can't touch. Also unacceptable medication without a prescription. Compliance with these rules will help to maintain health and life.